食谱
此页面是一个常用场景的 cookbook。
创建新的 span
from opentelemetry import trace
tracer = trace.get_tracer("my.tracer")
with tracer.start_as_current_span("print") as span:
print("foo")
span.set_attribute("printed_string", "foo")
获取和修改 span
from opentelemetry import trace
current_span = trace.get_current_span()
current_span.set_attribute("hometown", "Seattle")
创建嵌套 span
from opentelemetry import trace
import time
tracer = trace.get_tracer("my.tracer")
# Create a new span to track some work
with tracer.start_as_current_span("parent"):
time.sleep(1)
# Create a nested span to track nested work
with tracer.start_as_current_span("child"):
time.sleep(2)
# the nested span is closed when it's out of scope
# Now the parent span is the current span again
time.sleep(1)
# This span is also closed when it goes out of scope
在不同上下文捕获 baggage
from opentelemetry import trace, baggage
tracer = trace.get_tracer("my.tracer")
with tracer.start_as_current_span(name="root span") as root_span:
parent_ctx = baggage.set_baggage("context", "parent")
with tracer.start_as_current_span(
name="child span", context=parent_ctx
) as child_span:
child_ctx = baggage.set_baggage("context", "child")
print(baggage.get_baggage("context", parent_ctx))
print(baggage.get_baggage("context", child_ctx))
手动设置 span context
通常,您的应用程序或服务框架会为您处理跟踪上下文的传播。但在某些情况下,您可能需要自行保存跟踪上下文(使用 .inject)并在别处恢复它(使用 .extract)。
from opentelemetry import trace, context
from opentelemetry.trace import NonRecordingSpan, SpanContext, TraceFlags
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import TracerProvider
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export import ConsoleSpanExporter, BatchSpanProcessor
from opentelemetry.trace.propagation.tracecontext import TraceContextTextMapPropagator
# Set up a simple processor to write spans out to the console so we can see what's happening.
trace.set_tracer_provider(TracerProvider())
trace.get_tracer_provider().add_span_processor(BatchSpanProcessor(ConsoleSpanExporter()))
tracer = trace.get_tracer("my.tracer")
# A TextMapPropagator works with any dict-like object as its Carrier by default. You can also implement custom getters and setters.
with tracer.start_as_current_span('first-trace'):
carrier = {}
# Write the current context into the carrier.
TraceContextTextMapPropagator().inject(carrier)
# The below might be in a different thread, on a different machine, etc.
# As a typical example, it would be on a different microservice and the carrier would
# have been forwarded via HTTP headers.
# Extract the trace context from the carrier.
# Here's what a typical carrier might look like, as it would have been injected above.
carrier = {'traceparent': '00-a9c3b99a95cc045e573e163c3ac80a77-d99d251a8caecd06-01'}
# Then we use a propagator to get a context from it.
ctx = TraceContextTextMapPropagator().extract(carrier=carrier)
# Instead of extracting the trace context from the carrier, if you have a SpanContext
# object already you can get a trace context from it like this.
span_context = SpanContext(
trace_id=2604504634922341076776623263868986797,
span_id=5213367945872657620,
is_remote=True,
trace_flags=TraceFlags(0x01)
)
ctx = trace.set_span_in_context(NonRecordingSpan(span_context))
# Now there are a few ways to make use of the trace context.
# You can pass the context object when starting a span.
with tracer.start_as_current_span('child', context=ctx) as span:
span.set_attribute('primes', [2, 3, 5, 7])
# Or you can make it the current context, and then the next span will pick it up.
# The returned token lets you restore the previous context.
token = context.attach(ctx)
try:
with tracer.start_as_current_span('child') as span:
span.set_attribute('evens', [2, 4, 6, 8])
finally:
context.detach(token)
使用具有不同 Resource 的多个 tracer provider
from opentelemetry import trace
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import TracerProvider
from opentelemetry.sdk.resources import Resource
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export import ConsoleSpanExporter, BatchSpanProcessor
# Global tracer provider which can be set only once
trace.set_tracer_provider(
TracerProvider(resource=Resource.create({"service.name": "service1"}))
)
trace.get_tracer_provider().add_span_processor(BatchSpanProcessor(ConsoleSpanExporter()))
tracer = trace.get_tracer("tracer.one")
with tracer.start_as_current_span("some-name") as span:
span.set_attribute("key", "value")
another_tracer_provider = TracerProvider(
resource=Resource.create({"service.name": "service2"})
)
another_tracer_provider.add_span_processor(BatchSpanProcessor(ConsoleSpanExporter()))
another_tracer = trace.get_tracer("tracer.two", tracer_provider=another_tracer_provider)
with another_tracer.start_as_current_span("name-here") as span:
span.set_attribute("another-key", "another-value")